Early+Cold+War

The Cold War The Early Years ** Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO. Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America and [|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO] to develop a complete description for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War. This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail. // **
 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg height="227" align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS
 * Established in 1945 "to maintain international peace and security "
 * founded to replace the League of Nations
 * **CONTAINMENT
 * policy was first implemented in 1947 in response to communism
 * prevents the growth of a hostile country's territory and limits the country's ideological influence through political, economic, and diplomatic reasons
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg height="218" caption="George Kenean"]] ||  ||
 * || George Kenean ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
 * President Harry Truman made a foreign policy doctrine,the Truman doctrine, on March 12, 1947
 * formed to help the United States have a big role in containing the spread of communism around the world
 * promised aid to people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedom
 * laid the groundwork for the Marshall Plan
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN
 * plan to help prevent the spread of communism and revive the "war-torn economies in Europe"
 * named for George C. Marshall, Truman's Secretary of State
 * offered 13 billion dollars in aid to western and southern Europe
 * helped the nations of Europe rebuild
 * "European Recovery Plan"
 * hoped to stabilize Europe
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg height="261" align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT
 * Berlin had been divided into East and West Berlin
 * In 1948, Stalin hoped to force the Western powers to abandon the city
 * Stalin's forces blocked access to Berlin
 * Tuman responded by sending food and supplies for the residents of Berlin
 * 1949, Stalin called of the blockade
 * Germany became divided into East Germany and West Germany
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
 * singed in 1949
 * the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed because of alarm over communist control of Eastern Europe
 * The alliance included the United States, Canada, and ten Western European nations
 * in response, USSR and its allies formed the Warsaw Pact
 * || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png height="286" align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg height="229" align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC
 * House Un-American Activities Committee
 * In 1947, the HUAC targeted people in the movie industry for suspected communist ties
 * blacklists- unofficial lists of people thought to be communists
 * The Rosenbergs went to trial for conspiracy to commit espionage in wartime under the Espionage Act of 1917
 * The Rosenbergs were executed for spying
 * The Red Scare refers to the irrational but rampant fear of communism that swept the United States twice in the 20th century
 * ** COMMUNISM IN CHINA
 * Communists defeated the anticommunist Nationalists in a civil war in China
 * Mao Zedong became the head of China
 * many Nationalist fled to other places
 * American fear of communism grew
 * ** COMMUNISM IN CHINA
 * Communists defeated the anticommunist Nationalists in a civil war in China
 * Mao Zedong became the head of China
 * many Nationalist fled to other places
 * American fear of communism grew

** || ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif height="225" align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || ** THE KOREAN WAR

No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity ** ||
 * ** MCCARTHYISM ** * **Joseph** **McCarthy of WISCONSIN used the Korean War to fan Americans' fears of communism**
 * **February, 1950, McCarthy declared that he had a list of 205 State Department officials that belonged to the Communist Party**
 * **McCarthyism is known as the stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens**
 * **caused hysteria in the United States** || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg height="225" align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE
 * In 1957, the superpowers began a space race
 * USSR launched the world's first space satellite, meant that the USSR had a missile powerful enough to reach the United States